Specimen: small piece of soft tissue measuring approx. 1.5cm x 0.5cm, six impression smears made
Cytology: the slides are highly cellular and of excellent quality. i.e. a good sample
Numerous heterophils are present, these are the body's defence cells that eat up bacteria creating an inflammatory reaction and sometimes pus both viable and degenerate, to be expected - cells do die and that's what creates the pus! and there are moderate numbers of bacteria, appearing as fine coccobacilli, will help identify the bug and enable seletion of the right antibiotic which are mostly extracellular so not a bug that invades and hides within cells like for instance TB bacillus but also sometimes identified with heterophil cytoplasm good as it means the heterophiles are doing their job of eating * the bacteria - let's hope they are also destroying them.
Wtihin the background, there is a moderate amount of blood with meoderate nubmers of plump spindle cells
spindle cells are the body's natural response to injury and inflammation - it is the connective tissue gearing itself up to heal itslf
and frequent small to medium sized clusters of pleomorphic different shapespolygonal many sidedcells of suspected epithelial origin. epithelial cells are the outmost layer of cells in a mucous membrane/skin
These cells contain oval to angular nuclei with moderate anisolkaryosis, nuclei of different sizes moderate to maked karyomegaly, and some nucelie are quite big coarse chromatin, may or may mot be significantoccasional nuclear molding this is a characteristic of malignant cells where a densely packed cluster of cells distort the nuceli in adjacent cellsand small prominent necleoli which are often multiple. again - depending uon the tissue this can be indicative that the cells are becoming malignant Cytoplasm is poorly defined, moderate and lightly basophilic.
Interpretation: Septice suppurative inflammation with suspected underlying carcinoma, see comment
Comments: cytology indicated a prominent heterophil inflammatory reaction which includes both intracellular and extracellular bacteria, indicative of bacterial infection. This is not uncommon in diabetic anminals as gluco... (sorry can't read this word) can provice a growth medium for bacterial. There are additional cells in the background which appear to be both epithelial and spindle cell in origin. The spindle cells could be reactive and are the less prominent cellular component. The epithelial cells are forming aggregates which are sometimes highly atypical. Interpretation of such cells is cautions, as inflammation can readily induce dysplastic change in surround cells, however there is quite a lot of pleomorphism in these cells which is suspicious for an underlying carcinoma. It would be prudent to confirm this with histopathology.
signed by the vet pathologist